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JQ Technology Co., Limited (&#8220;JQ&#8221;) and JIALIN Technology Limited (&#8220;JL&#8221;) are subsidiaries of Qiner since October 17, 2017. 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On October 31, 2017, the controlling shareholders transferred 100% of their equity interests in Qiner to CLPS. After the reorganization, CLPS owns 100% equity interests of the entities mentioned above. On December 7, 2017, the Board of Directors approved an amendment of the article association of CLPS and a nominal share issuance to the existing shareholders. 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The revenue recognition for these contracts varies depending on the terms of the individual contracts, and may be recognized proportionally over the term of the contract or deferred until the end of the contract term and recognized when our obligations have been fulfilled with the customer. For contacts with development period within three months, the related revenue is recognized on the completed contract method. Otherwise, revenue is recognized as the service is performed using the percentage of completion method of accounting, under which the total value of revenue is recognized on the basis of the percentage that total labor cost to date bears to the total expected labor costs. The Company considers labor time, the input measurement, is the best available indicator of the pattern and timing in which contract obligations are fulfilled. The Company has a long history of providing these services resulting in its ability to reasonably estimate the service hours expected to be incurred and the progress toward completion on each fixed-price customized contract based on the proportion of service hours incurred to date relative to total estimated service hours at completion. Estimated contract costs are based on the budgeted service hours, which are updated based on the progress toward completion on a monthly basis. Pursuant to the contract terms, the Company has enforceable right on payments for the work performed. Provisions for estimated losses, if any, on uncompleted contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses become probable based on the current contract estimates. 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The Company reports revenues net of value added tax (&#8220;VAT&#8221;).&#160;&#160;The Company&#8217;s subsidiaries in the PRC are subject to a 6% to 16% value added tax (&#8220;VAT&#8221;) and related surcharges on the revenues earned from providing services. 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Chinese labor regulations require that the Company make contributions to the government for these benefits based on a certain percentage of the employee&#8217;s salaries. The Company has no legal obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions. 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Deferred income taxes are recognized when temporary differences exist between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period including the enactment date. 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The amount recognized is the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the &#8220;more likely than not&#8221; test, no tax benefit is recorded. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the period incurred. No significant penalties or interest relating to income taxes have been incurred during the years ended June 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016. 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The VAT is based on gross sales price and VAT rates range up to 16%, depending on the type of service provided. Entities that are VAT general taxpayers are allowed to offset qualified input VAT paid to suppliers against their output VAT liabilities. Net VAT balance between input VAT and output VAT is recorded in tax payable. 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ASU 2014-09 requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. ASU 2014-09 will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles when it becomes effective and permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The guidance also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, &#8220;Deferral of the Effective Date&#8221; (&#8220;ASU 2015-14&#8221;), which defers the effective date for ASU 2014-09 by one year. For public entities, the guidance in ASU 2014-09 will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 (including interim reporting periods within those periods), which means it will be effective for the Company&#8217;s fiscal year beginning July&#160;1, 2018. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, &#8220;Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue versus Net)&#8221; (&#8220;ASU 2016-08&#8221;), which clarifies the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations in the new revenue recognition standard. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, &#8220;Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing&#8221; (&#8220;ASU 2016-10&#8221;), which reduces the complexity when applying the guidance for identifying performance obligations and improves the operability and understandability of the license implementation guidance. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12 &#8220;Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients&#8221; (&#8220;ASU 2016-12&#8221;), which amends the guidance on transition, collectability, noncash consideration and the presentation of sales and other similar taxes. In December 2016, the FASB further issued ASU 2016-20, &#8220;Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers&#8221; (&#8220;ASU 2016-20&#8221;), which makes minor corrections or minor improvements to the Codification that are not expected to have a significant effect on current accounting practice or create a significant administrative cost to most entities. The amendments are intended to address implementation and provide additional practical expedients to reduce the cost and complexity of applying the new revenue standard. These amendments have the same effective date as the new revenue standard. In September 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-13, which to clarify effective dates that public business entities and other entities were required to adopt ASC Topic 606 for annual reporting. A public business entity and certain other specified entities adopt ASC Topic 606 for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. We are planning to adopt Topic 606 in the first quarter of our fiscal 2019 using the retrospective transition method, and are continuing to evaluate the impact our pending adoption of Topic 606 will have on our consolidated financial statements. The Company&#8217;s current revenue recognition policies are generally consistent with the new revenue recognition standards set forth in ASU 2014-09. 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The new guidance requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a corresponding lease asset for virtually all lease contracts. It also requires additional disclosures about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and requires a modified retrospective approach to adoption assuming the Company will remain an emerging growth company at that date. Early adoption is permitted. In September 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-13, which to clarify effective dates that public business entities and other entities were required to adopt ASC Topic 842 for annual reporting. A public business entity that otherwise would not meet the definition of a public business entity except for a requirement to include or the inclusion of its financial statements or financial information in another entity&#8217;s filing with the SEC adopting ASC Topic 842 for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020. ASU No. 2017-13 also amended that all components of a leveraged lease be recalculated from inception of the lease based on the revised after tax cash flows arising from the change in the tax law, including revised tax rates. The difference between the amounts originally recorded and the recalculated amounts must be included in income of the year in which the tax law is enacted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-10, about improvements to clarify the Codification or to correct unintended application of guidance in ASU No. 2016-02. The amendments in ASU No. 2018-10 are of a similar nature to the items typically addressed in the Codification improvements project. The amendments in ASU No. 2018-10 affect narrow aspects of the guidance issued in the amendments in ASU No.2016-02. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, which to clarify two requirements in the new leases standard: transition&#8212;comparative reporting at adoption and separating components of a contract. The amendments in this Update provide entities with an additional (and optional) transition method to adopt the new leases standard. Under this new transition method, an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption consistent with preparers&#8217; requests. ASU No. 2018-11 also provides lessors with a practical expedient, by class of underlying asset, to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component and, instead, to account for those components as a single component if the nonlease components otherwise would be accounted for under the new revenue guidance (Topic 606) and both of the following are met: the timing and pattern of transfer of the nonlease component(s) and associated lease component are the same, and the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease. The effective date and transition requirements for ASU No 2018-11 related to separating components of a contract are the same as the effective date and transition requirements in ASU 2016-02. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;"><font style="font-size: 8pt;"><b>&#160;</b></font></p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In August 2016, the FASB issued a new pronouncement ASU 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which amends the guidance in ASC 230 on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows. The primary purpose of the ASU is to reduce the diversity in practice that has resulted from the lack of consistent principles on this topic. The ASU&#8217;s amendments add or clarify guidance on eight cash flow issues: (1) Debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs; (2) Settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments or other debt instruments with coupon interest rates that are insignificant in relation to the effective interest rate of the borrowing; (3) Contingent consideration payments made after a business combination; (4) Proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims; (5) Proceeds from the settlement of corporate-owned life insurance policies, including bank-owned life insurance policies; (6) Distributions received from equity method investees; (7) Beneficial interests in securitization transactions; (8) Separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. For public business entities, the guidance in the ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December&#160;15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years assuming the Company will remain as emerging growth company at that date. Early adoption is permitted for all entities. Entities must apply the guidance retrospectively to all periods presented but may apply it prospectively from the earliest date practicable if retrospective application would be impracticable. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2018.</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business&#8221;. The amendments in this ASU clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. These amendments take effect for public businesses for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those periods assuming the Company will remain an emerging growth company at that date. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2018. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In January 2017 the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, &#8220;Intangibles&#8212;Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment.&#8221; This new standard eliminates Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Instead, an entity should compare the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognize an impairment charge for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit&#8217;s fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill allocated to the reporting unit. The standard is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, which means that it will be effective for us in the first quarter of our fiscal year beginning July 1, 2020 assuming the Company still remains an emerging growth company at that date. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of our pending adoption of ASU 2017-04 on its consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Scope of Modification Accounting, to provide guidance to clarify when to account for a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award as a modification. Under the new guidance, modification accounting is required only if the fair value, the vesting conditions, or the classification of the award (as equity or liability) changes as a result of the changes in terms or conditions. ASU 2017-09 is effective for all entities for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017 assuming the Company still remains an emerging growth company at that date. Early adoption is permitted and application is prospective. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2018. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In July 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815). The guidance of Part I is to clarify accounting for certain financial instruments with down round feature in a financial instrument that reduces the strike price of an issued financial instrument if the issuer sells shares of its stock for an amount less than the currently stated strike price of the issued financial instrument or issues an equity-linked financial instrument with a strike price below the currently stated strike price of the issued financial instrument. For freestanding equity classified financial instruments, the amendments require entities that present earnings per share (EPS) in accordance with Topic 260 to recognize the effect of the down round feature when it is triggered. That effect is treated as a dividend and as a reduction of income available to common shareholders in basic EPS. Convertible instruments with embedded conversion options that have down round features are now subject to the specialized guidance for contingent beneficial conversion features. The amendments also recharacterize the indefinite deferral of certain provisions of Topic 480 that now are presented as pending content in the Codification, to a scope exception. Those amendments do not have an accounting effect. The amendments in Part I of ASU No. 2017-11 are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. The amendments in Part II of this Update do not require any transition guidance because those amendments do not have an accounting effect. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2020. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of our pending adoption of ASU 2017-11 on its consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In September 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, &#8220;Compensation&#8212;Stock Compensation (Topic 718)&#8221;. The amendments affect any entity that changes the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. An entity should account for the effects of a modification unless the fair value (or calculated value or intrinsic value, if such an alternative measurement method is used) of the modified award is the same as the fair value, the vesting conditions of the modified award are the same as the vesting conditions of the original award, and the classification of the modified award as an equity instrument or a liability instrument is the same as the classification of the original award. The amendments in this Update are effective for all entities for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period for public business entities for reporting periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2018. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, &#8220;Income Statement&#8212;Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income&#8221;. The amendments eliminate the stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act and will improve the usefulness of information reported to financial statement users. ASU No. 2018-02 is effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2019. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-03, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Financial Instruments&#8212;Overall (Subtopic 825-10), to provide guidance to clarify recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities. The amendments clarify certain aspects of the guidance issued in ASU No. 2016-01. All entities may early adopt ASU No. 2018-03 for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, as long as they have adopted Update 2016-01. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2018. The Company does not expect that the adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">&#160;</p> <p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial;">In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU No 2018-07, Compensation&#8212;Stock Compensation (Topic 718), Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The amendments expand the scope of Topic 718 to include share-based payment transactions for acquiring goods and services from nonemployees. An entity should apply the requirements of Topic 718 to nonemployee awards except for specific guidance on inputs to an option pricing model and the attribution of cost (that is, the period of time over which share-based payment awards vest and the pattern of cost recognition over that period). The amendments specify that Topic 718 applies to all share-based payment transactions in which a grantor acquires goods or services to be used or consumed in a grantor&#8217;s own operations by issuing share-based payment awards. The amendments also clarify that Topic 718 does not apply to share-based payments used to effectively provide (1) financing to the issuer or (2) awards granted in conjunction with selling goods or services to customers as part of a contract accounted for under Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The amendments are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2019. 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The CMB Credit Facility is guaranteed by the CEO and Chairman and President of the Company as joint guarantors. In September 2017, the Company borrowed the full credit amount (RMB 5,000,000) the loans were repaid by May 2018. 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The Company uses a hierarchy to determine the selling price to be used for allocating revenue to the deliverables: (i) vendor-specific objective evidence of fair value (&#8220;VSOE&#8221;), (ii) third-party evidence of the selling price (&#8220;TPE&#8221;) and (iii) best estimate of the selling price (&#8220;BESP&#8221;). The Company uses VSOE of selling price in the selling price allocation in all instances where it exists. VSOE of selling price for products and services is determined when a substantial majority of the selling prices fall within a reasonable range when sold separately. Otherwise, BESP is used because the Company&#8217;s customized application differs substantially from that of competitors, it is difficult to obtain the reliable standalone competitive pricing necessary to establish TPE. Accordingly, the Company uses its best estimate of selling prices of solution development service and PCS (and specific service if applicable) as the basis of revenue allocation. 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The Company has a long history of providing these services resulting in its ability to reasonably estimate the service hours expected to be incurred and the progress toward completion on each fixed-price customized contract based on the proportion of service hours incurred to date relative to total estimated service hours at completion. Estimated contract costs are based on the budgeted service hours, which are updated based on the progress toward completion on a monthly basis. Pursuant to the contract terms, the Company has enforceable right on payments for the work performed. Provisions for estimated losses, if any, on uncompleted contracts are recorded in the period in which such losses become probable based on the current contract estimates. 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These services grant the customers on line and telephone access to technical support personnel during the term of the service. The revenue allocated to unspecific PCS component is deferred and recognized on a straight-line basis over the PCS period. 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The Company reports revenues net of value added tax (&#8220;VAT&#8221;).&#160;&#160;The Company&#8217;s subsidiaries in the PRC are subject to a 6% to 16% value added tax (&#8220;VAT&#8221;) and related surcharges on the revenues earned from providing services. 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All leases of the Company are currently classified as operating leases. 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Chinese labor regulations require that the Company make contributions to the government for these benefits based on a certain percentage of the employee&#8217;s salaries. The Company has no legal obligation for the benefits beyond the contributions. 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Deferred income taxes are recognized when temporary differences exist between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period including the enactment date. 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For tax positions not meeting the &#8220;more likely than not&#8221; test, no tax benefit is recorded. Penalties and interest incurred related to underpayment of income tax are classified as income tax expense in the period incurred. No significant penalties or interest relating to income taxes have been incurred during the years ended June 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016. All of the tax returns of the Company&#8217;s subsidiaries in China remain subject to examination by the tax authorities for five years from the date of filing through year 2022.</p></div> <div><p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><b>Value added tax (&#8220;VAT&#8221;)</b></p><p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">&#160;</p><p style="font: 10pt/normal 'times new roman', times, serif; margin: 0pt 0px; text-align: justify; color: #000000; text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: normal; widows: 1; font-stretch: normal; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">Revenue represents the invoiced value of service, net of VAT. The VAT is based on gross sales price and VAT rates range up to 16%, depending on the type of service provided. Entities that are VAT general taxpayers are allowed to offset qualified input VAT paid to suppliers against their output VAT liabilities. Net VAT balance between input VAT and output VAT is recorded in tax payable. 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Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of ordinary shares and potential ordinary shares outstanding during the period, which may include restricted share units, options, convertible securities and warrants. 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Translation adjustments arising from the use of different exchange rates from period to period are included as a separate component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) included in consolidated statements of changes in shareholders&#8217; equity. 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The Company uses the Black-Scholes pricing model to estimate the fair value of warrants. The determination of estimated fair value of share-based payment awards on the grant date using a Black-Scholes option pricing model is affected by the Company&#8217;s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables. 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ASU 2014-09 requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. ASU 2014-09 will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles when it becomes effective and permits the use of either the retrospective or cumulative effect transition method. The guidance also requires additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from customer contracts. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, &#8220;Deferral of the Effective Date&#8221; (&#8220;ASU 2015-14&#8221;), which defers the effective date for ASU 2014-09 by one year. For public entities, the guidance in ASU 2014-09 will be effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 (including interim reporting periods within those periods), which means it will be effective for the Company&#8217;s fiscal year beginning July&#160;1, 2018. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, &#8220;Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue versus Net)&#8221; (&#8220;ASU 2016-08&#8221;), which clarifies the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations in the new revenue recognition standard. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, &#8220;Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing&#8221; (&#8220;ASU 2016-10&#8221;), which reduces the complexity when applying the guidance for identifying performance obligations and improves the operability and understandability of the license implementation guidance. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12 &#8220;Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients&#8221; (&#8220;ASU 2016-12&#8221;), which amends the guidance on transition, collectability, noncash consideration and the presentation of sales and other similar taxes. In December 2016, the FASB further issued ASU 2016-20, &#8220;Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers&#8221; (&#8220;ASU 2016-20&#8221;), which makes minor corrections or minor improvements to the Codification that are not expected to have a significant effect on current accounting practice or create a significant administrative cost to most entities. The amendments are intended to address implementation and provide additional practical expedients to reduce the cost and complexity of applying the new revenue standard. These amendments have the same effective date as the new revenue standard. In September 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-13, which to clarify effective dates that public business entities and other entities were required to adopt ASC Topic 606 for annual reporting. A public business entity and certain other specified entities adopt ASC Topic 606 for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. We are planning to adopt Topic 606 in the first quarter of our fiscal 2019 using the retrospective transition method, and are continuing to evaluate the impact our pending adoption of Topic 606 will have on our consolidated financial statements. The Company&#8217;s current revenue recognition policies are generally consistent with the new revenue recognition standards set forth in ASU 2014-09. 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The new guidance requires lessees to recognize a lease liability and a corresponding lease asset for virtually all lease contracts. It also requires additional disclosures about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018, and requires a modified retrospective approach to adoption assuming the Company will remain an emerging growth company at that date. Early adoption is permitted. In September 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-13, which to clarify effective dates that public business entities and other entities were required to adopt ASC Topic 842 for annual reporting. A public business entity that otherwise would not meet the definition of a public business entity except for a requirement to include or the inclusion of its financial statements or financial information in another entity&#8217;s filing with the SEC adopting ASC Topic 842 for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim reporting periods within annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2020. ASU No. 2017-13 also amended that all components of a leveraged lease be recalculated from inception of the lease based on the revised after tax cash flows arising from the change in the tax law, including revised tax rates. The difference between the amounts originally recorded and the recalculated amounts must be included in income of the year in which the tax law is enacted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-10, about improvements to clarify the Codification or to correct unintended application of guidance in ASU No. 2016-02. The amendments in ASU No. 2018-10 are of a similar nature to the items typically addressed in the Codification improvements project. The amendments in ASU No. 2018-10 affect narrow aspects of the guidance issued in the amendments in ASU No.2016-02. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-11, which to clarify two requirements in the new leases standard: transition&#8212;comparative reporting at adoption and separating components of a contract. The amendments in this Update provide entities with an additional (and optional) transition method to adopt the new leases standard. Under this new transition method, an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption consistent with preparers&#8217; requests. ASU No. 2018-11 also provides lessors with a practical expedient, by class of underlying asset, to not separate nonlease components from the associated lease component and, instead, to account for those components as a single component if the nonlease components otherwise would be accounted for under the new revenue guidance (Topic 606) and both of the following are met: the timing and pattern of transfer of the nonlease component(s) and associated lease component are the same, and the lease component, if accounted for separately, would be classified as an operating lease. The effective date and transition requirements for ASU No 2018-11 related to separating components of a contract are the same as the effective date and transition requirements in ASU 2016-02. The Company has not early adopted this update and it will become effective on July 1, 2020. 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No significant penalties or interest relating to income taxes have been incurred during the years ended June 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016. All of the tax returns of the Company's subsidiaries in China remain subject to examination by the tax authorities for five years from the date of filing through year 2022. 4199905 130413 353636 130614 4012088 4005 5568360 81644 76789 Our functional currency is the RMB, and our financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars. The RMB depreciated by 2.0% in fiscal year 2017 and appreciated by 2.4% in fiscal 2018. 0.592 0.473 0.100 0.386 0.391 0.308 0.359 1 2 1 1 1 1 268014 325888 67570 1875 339883 -86483 -16147 259361 65264 290994 195080 480061 150000 1000000 0.60 0.30 1.00 1.00 0.80 480061 3250000 103255 128928 900000 6753891 16419182 109117 151347 46774 109117 151347 62990 134021 93767 -647 1976 263434 934687 300000 0.0001 5.25 0.0001 1580000 1470000 263065 466117 231731 178224 179384 29484 21813 114979 47783 567934 41602 6149 702174 1350589 18390 41602 6149 23473 -37117 -261 1664 588977 66157 386590 100524 35706 791309 77678 523553 106576 83502 315630 457412 54105 109356 152342 339883 348214 34419 88155 53827 53827 53827 53827 44751 34270 53827 26302 4782 200000 8684 150 150000 1000000 8684 740506 1813483 753100 5000000 753100 5000000 753100 5000000 1111712 7000000 1543115 10000000 1543115 10000000 4152377 27000000 4152377 27000000 82507 0.05655 0.05655 0.05655 0.05655 0.05655 0.05655 0.05655 0.05133 0.05655 0.050025 0.05655 2018-06-30 2018-07-20 2019-07-11 2018-11-15 2019-08-09 2019-08-14 2019-12-20 2019-09-06 July and August 2018 2018-05-31 2018-05-31 2018-02-08 2018-07-20 2018-07-02 2018-07-02 2349795 3075391 118006 14751 103255 131321 131321 1729791 7080 1722711 208342 45615 162727 5000000 1111712 7000000 1111712 7000000 1813483 12000000 0.05655 0.05655 Due in July and August, 2018. 94100 71400 93010 2297424 2516211 2863419 -243300 -413400 -260649 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.30 0.165 0.17 0.17 0.059 0.048 -0.018 0.141 0.151 0.110 -0.119 -0.143 -0.183 0.082 -0.060 0.018 0.131 -0.056 -0.043 0.25 0.15 365866 102568 95923 423543 649766 9611 57965 433154 707731 62855 169266 71346 26368 134201 195634 298953 512097 182036 228477 96636 274542 257942 168650 299645 15636 22150 290159 317488 285130 0.03 0.03 0.02 1234500 3752850 137000 76000 458000 3000 2021-12-31 2019-11-30 699019 235303 14217 948539 565328 730705 1826112 2047445 2434463 11290000 11290000 11517123 119244 283192 P2Y9M0D 0.4939 0.0211 283192 2210000 83162 200030 283192 6.3 4.2 P4Y10M25D P4Y10M25D 93030 107000 83162 4.20 4.20 6.30 The warrants carry a term of five years expiring on May 22, 2023 and shall not be exercisable for a period of 180 days from May 23, 2018. The warrants carry a term of five years expiring on May 22, 2023 and shall not be exercisable for a period of 180 days from May 23, 2018. The warrants carry a term of five years expiring on May 22, 2023 and shall not be exercisable for a period of 180 days from May 23, 2018. 612223000 283192 After the stock split, the Company's issued and outstanding common shares became 10,000 shares with par value of $0.0001. The Board of Directors also approved to amend the articles of association (the "Amendment") to increase total authorized number of common shares from 10,000 shares to 100,000,000 shares with par value of $0.0001. In connection with the Amendment, the Board of Directors further approved to issue 11,280,000 common shares at par value (the "Nominal share issuance") to the existing shareholders of the Company. The original authorized number of common shares was 1 share with a par value of $1. The Board of Directors approved a stock split of the Company's issued and outstanding shares of common shares at a ratio of 1-10,000. 400000 Appropriations to the statutory surplus reserve are required to be at least 10% of the after-tax net income determined in accordance with PRC GAAP until the reserve is equal to 50% of the entity's registered capital. P5Y 2000000 300000 10500000 1580000 12080000 -69 -1402 -1471 982 -5 71 684 1732 186 5 -16 10068 -43 10200 46919 290994 6438 70 6987 5199 671469 RSUs granted to key employees and directors generally have a term of three years, but are subject to earlier termination in connection with termination of continuous service to the Company. RSUs are valid for a period of 10 years from July 12, 2018 to July 11, 2028. RSUs vest 33% per year over a three-year period, with the first 33% vesting on the grant date. 12.22 8200000 600000 600000 850000 100000 200000 420000 576000 -8684 151539 The shares and per share data are presented on a retroactive basis to reflect the nominal share issuance. For the year ended June 30, 2016, the non-controlling shareholder of CLPS Beijing contributed $46,919 to CLPS Beijing. For the year ended June 30, 2017, the non-controlling shareholder of CLPS Hong Kong contributed $6,438 as capital. On November 9, 2016, CLPS Shanghai acquired 60% of Judge China and its 70% owned subsidiary Judge HR from Judge Asia. As a result, the fair value of non-controlling interests was $290,994. On October 17, 2017, the Company acquired 55% of JQ and its 100% owned subsidiary - JL. For the year ended June 30, 2018, the non-controlling shareholder of JQ contributed $70 to JQ. For the year ended June 30, 2016, the Company paid $6,987 to acquire a non-controlling interest in CLPS RC. After the acquisition, CLPS RC became a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. The payment in excess of carrying value of the non-controlling interest amounted to $5,199, which was charge to additional paid in capital. On June 27, 2018, Qiner acquired 30% of CLPS Beijing and 70% of its equity was owned by CLPS Shanghai. As a result, the Company controlled 100% of CLPS Beijing as of June 30, 2018. On July 20, 2018, the Company decided to close down FDT-CL. Entities incorporated or acquired subsequent to June 30, 2018 are not included in the Company's consolidated financial statements for the years ended June 30, 2018, 2017 and 2016. Due to related parties mainly represents the unpaid bonus, dividends, wages and other benefit to the Company's executives. Permanent difference and other primarily represented tax effect on the intercompany transactions.